The 21st century has witnessed an unprecedented migration of people from rural to urban areas, seeking better livelihoods. To meet the challenges posed by this urban influx, India has embarked on a transformative journey towards creating smarter, more efficient, and sustainable urban spaces.
The term "smart city" goes beyond mere urbanization; it encapsulates a vision for cities that not only accommodate the rising population but also provide a high quality of life, economic opportunities, and a sustainable environment. Here we explore the landscape of existing and future urban tech innovations – ranging from sustainable transportation to smart governance – that are shaping the nation's future.
The Current State of Smart Cities in India
The
Smart Cities Mission, launched by the government of India in 2015, has been a pivotal catalyst in this journey towards urban excellence. The aim is to create 100 "smart cities" by focusing on the social, economic, and institutional pillars that will boost national economic growth and improve citizens' quality of life. Some of the key initiatives of the mission include:
1. Infrastructure Development
Smart cities in India have witnessed a substantial improvement in their urban infrastructure. This includes the development of modern transportation systems, upgraded roads, and better public spaces.
To combat traffic congestion and enhance road safety, various smart cities have implemented intelligent traffic management systems. Utilizing real-time data and AI algorithms these systems optimize traffic flow and reduce gridlocks. For instance, the
Pune Smart City Development Corporation Limited (PSCDCL) has recently completed the first phase of its ‘Adaptive Traffic Management System’ or ATMS; installing the system on 30 signals in the city so as to regulate traffic effectively and reduce travel time.
2. Digital Governance
E-governance platforms have been established to streamline government services online, reducing bureaucracy and enhancing transparency in administrative processes. Further, smart cities are developing mobile applications that enable citizens to report issues like potholes, damaged infrastructure, or environmental concerns directly to local authorities, fostering greater civic participation.
For instance, in
Bhubaneswar, the My City My Pride (MCMP) app was launched with the aim of better connecting citizens with the city to tackle common problems related to health, sanitation, waste management, and sewerage systems. Through the mobile app and website, citizens can track the status of their complaints and learn about other issues in the area.
3. Sustainable Mobility
The Indian transport sector is responsible for 13.5 percent of India’s energy-related emissions, with road transport accounting for 90 percent of the sector’s energy consumption [source: Climate Action Tracker].
Many smart cities have adopted sustainable transportation solutions, such as integrated public transit systems, cycling lanes, and electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure. As part of their commitment to reducing carbon emissions and improving air quality, these cities have introduced EV charging infrastructure.
4. Waste Management
Smart waste bins equipped with IoT sensors are transforming waste management in urban areas. These bins can alert collection services when they are full, optimizing collection routes and reducing operational costs. Additionally, to promote sustainable waste practices, smart cities have launched recycling programs and established recycling centers, diverting a significant portion of waste from landfills.
Taking impetus from the Centre’s smart city mission projects, the
Jaipur municipal corporation, JMC-Greater administration, has announced to start a pilot project to streamline the waste collection process through electric vehicles in the Mansarovar zone. According to the city’s civic body, the project will be rolled out in about 23 wards of the Mansarovar zone, and over 60 electric waste collection vehicles and charging stations will be deployed.
5. Energy Efficiency
Smart cities are investing in advanced grid systems that can monitor and manage electricity distribution more efficiently. These smart grids reduce energy waste and enable better integration of renewable energy sources. Further, India's abundant sunlight is being harnessed for sustainable energy production. Many smart cities have initiated large-scale solar power projects, reducing reliance on non-renewable energy sources and mitigating the environmental impact.
For instance,
Pune is addressing climate-related challenges by enhancing its sustainable mobility plans, promoting energy-efficient measures, improving waste management infrastructure, and promoting renewable energy. A dedicated Energy Saving Cell has been set up to undertake energy-saving actions. Also, energy-efficient retrofits for HVAC and lighting systems are installed at an industrial park and municipal buildings. A 700 MT municipal solid waste-to-energy plant is set up, which feeds electricity into the grid. About 16,000 high-pressure sodium vapor streetlights will be replaced with LED fittings, leading to 40%–45% energy savings.
The quest for smarter, more efficient, and sustainable cities in India is an ever-evolving journey. The future promises even more advanced technologies and solutions that hold the potential to reshape the urban landscape in ways that were previously unimaginable.
